Електрохімічне знезараження металів

Омельчук, А.О.

This paper presents results of electrochemical radiological decontamination of fragments of the basic equipment which was used at nuclear power stations and in an experimental nuclear reactor. Equipment made of stainless and low-alloy steels was subjected to radiological decontamination. Mixtures based on orthophosphoric and sulfuric acids ware used as solutions for surface treatment. To protect the products being treated against corrosion and to reduce the working current density and electrolyte temperature, inhibiting compositions based on derivatives of aromatic and aliphatic amines and amides were added to the electrolyte. The optimal compositions of reaction mixtures and conditions of electrochemical radiological decontamination, which ensure the polishing regime, have been determined.Two modes of radiological decontamination of basic equipment have been developed: mode of stationary tanks and mode of external electrodes. The possibility to conduct electrochemical surface treatment at very small electrode spacing allows one not only to reduce the specific electrolyte consumption but also to greatly reduce the specific electrical energy consumption and to treat the surface of equipment of large geometrical dimensions without dismounting. It has been shown that it is possible in principle to carry out electrochemical radiological decontamination of articles made of nonconducting materials.

metal surfaces

stationary regime

external electrodes

електрохімічна радіологічна дезактивація

металеві поверхні

стаціонарний режим

зовнішні електроди